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Pratt Institute School of Information (previously School of Information and Library Science) administers the oldest Library and Information Science program in North America. It was created in Brooklyn in 1890 shortly after Melvil Dewey created such a program at Columbia University in 1887.〔Adams Rathbone, Josephine. "(The Pratt Institute School of Library Science )." ''Library Journal'' 46 (1922): 935-936. Accessed December 23, 2013.〕〔Sharify, Nasser. "(The Pratt Institute Graduate School of Library and Information Science )." In Allen Kent, Harold Lancour and Jay E. Daily (Eds.), ''Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science'', Vol. 23. New York: Marcel Dekker, 1978. Accessed December 23, 2013.〕 Pratt School of Information is one of the six schools of Pratt Institute. Based in Manhattan, the school administers a master of information and library science degree program that has been accredited by the American Library Association since the 1924/1925 academic year.〔Accredited Library and Information Studies Master's Programs from 1925 through Present, American Library Association, http://www.ala.org/accreditedprograms/directory/historicallist〕 ==History== Charles Pratt, founder of Pratt Institute, recognized the need for a library that served both the faculty and students of the Institute as well as Brooklyn residents. He also recognized the need to have a facility for training of library staff. In June 1890, Pratt Institute offered courses in cataloging and library economics.〔Richardson Jr., John V. "History of American Library Science: Its Origins and Early Development." In ''Encyclopedia of Library and Information Sciences'', 3rd Ed. Boca Raton, FL: Taylor & Francis, 2010.〕〔Vann, Sarah K. ''Training for Librarianship before 1923.'' Chicago, IL: American Library Association, 1961.〕 Mary Wright Plummer, who was a graduate of Melvil Dewey’s class of 1888 from Columbia University, led it.〔 In 1895, a regular faculty, chosen for its aptitude in teaching, was organized.〔White, Carl M. ''The Origins of the American Library School.'' New York: Scarecrow Press, 1961.〕 In 1896, the Library School relocated to Pratt's new library building designed by William Tubby, which continues to act as Pratt Institute’s primary library.〔 Under Plummer's leadership, the school enacted a stiff entrance exam and exams in German and French.〔Brand, Barbara B. ("Pratt Institute Library School: The Perils of Professionalization." ) In Suzanne Hildenbrand (Ed.), ''Reclaiming the American Library Past: Writing the Women In'', pp. 251-278. Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing, 1996.〕 The entering class was consistently around 25 students.〔 In 1911 when Plummer left to direct the Training School at New York Public Library, Josephine Adams Rathbone was appointed vice-director. Both Plummer and Rathbone were elected as presidents of the American Library Association. Notable alumni from this early period include Anne Carroll Moore, who was a student of Mary Wright Plummer, and became a faculty member and the first children’s librarian at New York Public Library, serving in that position for 35 years (1906–1941).〔〔 Miller, Julia (1988). ("Anne Carroll Moore: Our First Supervisor of Work with Children" ). New York Public Library. By Julia Miller, May 1988; revised by Julia Mucci, May 2004. Archived 2013-01-12. Retrieved 2013-09-09.〕〔 Lepore, Jill (2008, July 21). ("The Lion and the Mouse: The battle that reshaped children's literature" ). ''The New Yorker''. On Moore and E. B. White (8 pages).〕 Another notable student from this period is Mary Elizabeth Wood, who promoted the development of libraries in China and established the first program in that country to train librarians.〔Mary Alice Wood. ''Encyclopedia Britannica. '' http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/647365/Mary-Elizabeth-Wood〕 In 1939, Pratt began to grant the degree of bachelor of science in library science and, in 1950, the master of library science degree.〔 Notable figures from the twentieth century include Nasser Sharify, who worked to develop the field of international librarianship as dean and professor from 1968 to 1987.〔(Scope and content of collection ), Nasser Sharify papers, Hoover Institution Archives. Accessed March 10, 2014.〕 The school celebrated its centennial in 1990. In the United States House of Representatives, New York Congressman Major Owens (first librarian to serve in Congress) gave a salute to Pratt Institute's library school "both for its 100th anniversary, and for being the oldest such library program in the country."〔101st Congress, 2nd Session, (A Salute to Pratt Institute's Library Science Department on Its 100th Anniversary ). Accessed January 15, 2014.〕 Pratt Institute School of Information relocated to the Pratt Manhattan Campus at 144 West 14th Street in Manhattan in Fall 2002, and it continues to operate from that location.〔"(Pratt SILS Now Anchored in Manhattan )." ''Library Journal'' (September 27, 2002). Accessed March 14, 2014.〕 In 2015, the school was renamed to Pratt Institute School of Information from School of Information and Library Science (SILS). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pratt Institute School of Information」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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